螺旋板换热器(spiral heat exchanger)

Spiral heat exchanger

是由两张平行的金属板卷制成两个螺旋形通道，冷热流体之间通过螺旋板壁进行换热的换热器。螺旋板换热器有可拆的和不可拆的两种型式。

It is a heat exchanger which consists of two parallel metal plates rolled into two spiral channels. The cold and hot fluids exchange heat through the spiral plate wall. Spiral plate heat exchanger has two types: detachable and non detachable.

可拆式不可拆式

Detachable non detachable

基本分类

Basic classification

螺旋板换热器分为可拆分螺旋板换热器和不可拆分螺旋板换热器。不可拆式螺旋板换热器的结构比较简单，螺旋通道的两端全部焊死。可拆式螺旋板换热器.除螺旋通道两端的密封结构以外，其他与不可拆式完全相同。为达到机械清洗的目的，可拆式螺旋通道，一端敞开，用平板盖和垫片密封，以防止流体漏到大气中或同一通道内的流体短路。为了提高螺旋板的承压能力，在板与板之间用定距柱支撑。筒体上的流体进出口有法向接管和切向接管两种。中国普遍使用切向接管,它的流体阻力小,杂质容易被冲出。使用回转支座比较方便，可使换热器立放或卧放。换热的A、B流体分别流过螺旋板的两侧，其中的一种流体沿螺旋通道由外向内，至中心出口流出;而另一种流体则沿螺旋通道由中心进口，由内向外流出。两种流体呈纯逆流方式流动。螺旋板换热器大结构尺寸为:板宽1800毫米，外径1700毫米，传热面积250平方米，板与板之间的距离20毫米。允许高操作压力可达 2.5兆帕。工作温度由选用的材料而定，材料大多用碳钢、不锈钢、铝、铜和钛。

Spiral plate heat exchanger is divided into separable spiral plate heat exchanger and non separable spiral plate heat exchanger. The structure of the non detachable spiral plate heat exchanger is relatively simple, both ends of the spiral channel are welded dead. The detachable spiral plate heat exchanger is the same as the non detachable heat exchanger except for the sealing structure at both ends of the spiral channel. In order to achieve the purpose of mechanical cleaning, the detachable spiral channel is open at one end and sealed with flat cover and gasket to prevent fluid leakage into the atmosphere or short circuit of fluid in the same channel. In order to improve the bearing capacity of the spiral plate, the spacing column is used to support between the plates. There are two kinds of fluid inlet and outlet on the cylinder: normal nozzle and tangential nozzle. Tangential nozzle is widely used in China. It has low fluid resistance and impurities are easy to be washed out. It is convenient to use slewing bearing, which can make the heat exchanger vertical or horizontal. The heat exchange fluids a and B flow through both sides of the spiral plate, one of which flows out from the outside to the center outlet along the spiral channel, while the other flows out from the center inlet and from the inside to the outside along the spiral channel. The two fluids flow in a pure countercurrent mode. The large structural dimensions of spiral plate heat exchanger are: plate width 1800 mm, outer diameter 1700 mm, heat transfer area 250 square meters, plate to plate distance 20 mm. Allow high operating pressure up to 2.5 MPa. The working temperature is determined by the selected materials, most of which are carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper and titanium.

结构性能

structure performance

1、本设备由两张卷制而成，形成了两个均匀的螺旋通道，两种传热介质可进行全逆流流动，大大增强了换热效果，即使两种小温差介质，也能达到理想的换热效果。

1. The equipment is made of two coils, forming two uniform spiral channels. The two kinds of heat transfer media can carry out full counter current flow, greatly enhancing the heat transfer effect. Even if two kinds of medium with small temperature difference can achieve the ideal heat exchange effect.

2、在壳体上的接管采用切向结构，局部阻力小，由于螺旋通道的曲率是均匀的，液体在设备内流动没有大的转向，总的阻力小，因而可提高设计流速使之具备较高的传热能力。

2. Because the curvature of the spiral channel is uniform, the liquid flow in the equipment has no large turning direction, and the total resistance is small. Therefore, the design flow rate can be increased to make it have higher heat transfer capacity.

3、I型不可拆式螺旋板式换热器螺旋通道的端面采用焊接密封，因而具有较高的密封性。

3. The end face of spiral channel of type I non detachable spiral plate heat exchanger adopts welding seal, so it has high sealing performance.

4、II型可拆式螺旋板换热器结构原理与不可拆式换热器基本相同，但其中一个通道可拆开清洗，特别适用有粘性、有沉淀液体的热交换。

4. The structural principle of type II detachable spiral plate heat exchanger is basically the same as that of non detachable heat exchanger, but one of the channels can be disassembled for cleaning, especially for heat exchange with viscous and precipitated liquid.

5、III型可拆式螺旋板换热器结构原理与不可拆式换热器基本相同，但其两个通道可拆开清洗，适用范围较广。

5. The structural principle of type III detachable spiral plate heat exchanger is basically the same as that of non detachable heat exchanger, but its two channels can be disassembled for cleaning, so it can be widely used.

6、单台设备不能满足使用要求时，可以多台组合使用，但组合时需要符合下列规定:并联组合、串联组合、设备和通道间距相同。混合组合:一个通道并联，一个通道串联。

6. When a single equipment can not meet the requirements, it can be used in combination with multiple devices, but the combination shall meet the following requirements: parallel combination, series combination, and the same distance between equipment and channel. Hybrid combination: one channel in parallel, one channel in series.

螺旋板式的换热器的结构性能及其应用范围

Structure performance and application range of spiral plate heat exchanger

结构原理

Structural principle

可拆卸板式换热器是由许多冲压有波纹薄板按一定间隔，四周通过垫片密封，并用框架和压紧螺旋重叠压紧而成，板片和垫片的四个角孔形成了流体的分配管和汇集管，同时又合理地将冷热流体分开，使其分别在每块板片两侧的流道中流动，通过板片进行热交换。

The detachable plate heat exchanger is composed of many corrugated thin plates, which are sealed by gaskets at certain intervals, and are overlapped and compressed by the frame and compression screw. The four corner holes of the plate and gasket form the distribution pipe and collection pipe of the fluid. At the same time, the cold and hot fluid are separated reasonably to flow in the flow channel on both sides of each plate, and heat exchange is conducted through the plate.

应用范围

Scope of application

螺旋板换热器应用广泛。在中国，中小型合成氨厂的变换热交换器和合成塔下部的热交换器已先后用螺旋板换热器取代管壳式换热器。烧碱厂的电解液加热器和浓碱液的冷却器，采用螺旋板换热器所用的设备费仅为管壳式换热器的1/3。此外,这种换热器用于塔顶冷凝、淬火油冷却、发烟硫酸冷却和脂肪酸冷却等都有良好的效果。这种设备用于蒸汽的冷凝和无相变的对流传热效果优异，也可用于沸腾传热。

Spiral plate heat exchanger is widely used. In China, the shell and tube heat exchanger has been replaced by spiral plate heat exchanger in the shift heat exchanger and the lower part of the converter in small and medium-sized ammonia plants. The equipment cost of spiral plate heat exchanger is only 1 / 3 of that of shell and tube heat exchanger in caustic soda plant. In addition, this kind of heat exchanger has good effect on tower top condensation, quenching oil cooling, fuming sulfuric acid cooling and fatty acid cooling. This kind of equipment can be used for condensation of steam and convection heat transfer without phase change. It can also be used for boiling heat transfer.

基本特点

Basic characteristics

螺旋板换热器的特点是:①传热效能好。弯曲的螺旋通道和定距柱,有利于增强流体的湍流状态通道内流体阻力小，可提高设计流速，有助于提高传热系数。对于水-水换热,传热系数可达1.8~3.5千瓦每平方米每摄氏度〔kW/(m(·℃)〕。②有自清洗作用。单通道内的流体通过通道内杂质沉积处时，流速会相对提高，容易把杂质冲掉。③不可拆式结构的密封性能好，适用于剧毒、易燃、易爆或贵重流体的换热。④相邻通道内的流体呈纯逆流方式流动，可得到的对数平均温差，有利于小温差传热，适用于回收低温位热能。⑤结构较紧凑单位设备体积内的传热面积可达150米(/米(。⑥由于螺旋通道本身的弹性自由膨胀，温差应力小。⑦价格低廉。相同换热面积下，螺旋折流板换热器的体积比传统弓形折流板换热器小1/3，所需原材料费用降低。能否选用螺旋板换热器的关键是堵塞问题，尽管它有自清洗作用，但由于设计或操作不当也会发生堵塞，这时即使用可拆式结构也难于用机械方法清洗。采用水、气或蒸汽吹洗，操作方便效果更好。螺旋板换热器首要的缺点是检修困难，如发生内圈螺旋板破裂，便会使整台设备报废。

The characteristics of spiral plate heat exchanger are: 1) good heat transfer efficiency. The curved spiral channel and the fixed distance column are beneficial to enhance the turbulent state of the fluid. The flow resistance in the channel is small, and the design velocity can be increased, which is helpful to improve the heat transfer coefficient. For water water heat transfer, the heat transfer coefficient can reach 1.8 ~ 3.5 kW per square meter per degree centigrade [kW / (m (·℃)]. ② It has the function of self-cleaning. When the fluid in a single channel passes through the impurity deposition area, the velocity of flow will be relatively increased, and the impurity will be easily washed away. ③ Highly toxic, inflammable or highly explosive in structure. ④ The fluid in the adjacent channels flows in a pure countercurrent mode, and the top logarithmic average temperature difference can be obtained, which is conducive to heat transfer with small temperature difference and is suitable for recovering low-temperature potential heat energy. ⑤ The heat transfer area per unit volume of equipment can reach 150 m (/ M). ⑥ Due to the elastic free expansion of spiral channel itself, the temperature difference stress is small. ⑦ The price is low. Under the same heat exchange area, the volume of spiral baffle heat exchanger is 1 / 3 smaller than that of traditional arch baffle heat exchanger, and the cost of raw materials is reduced. The key to the selection of spiral plate heat exchanger is clogging. Although it has self-cleaning function, it will also be blocked due to improper design or operation. At this time, it is difficult to clean the spiral plate heat exchanger by mechanical method even if the detachable structure is used. Using water, gas or steam blowing, the operation is convenient and the effect is better. The main disadvantage of spiral plate heat exchanger is that it is difficult to maintain. If the inner ring spiral plate breaks, the whole equipment will be scrapped.